To improve the frequency stability of the power grid after large-scale wind power integration, and reduce the frequency regulation cost of the wind-storage system, an optimal model predictive control strategy considering virtual control parameter adjustment is proposed. First, considering the effect of the energy storage system on the inertia level and damping capacity of the power grid, the hyperbolic tangent function is adopted to adaptively adjust the virtual control parameters of the energy storage system to meet the frequency regulation requirements in different periods. Secondly, the prediction model is established based on the state equations of the wind-storage system, and the adaptive model predictive control strategy is designed with the minimum frequency deviation and frequency regulation cost as the control objectives. Finally, a simulation model is built to compare and analyze the effects of different control strategies in step and continuous load disturbance conditions. The results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively improve the frequency regulation effect of the power grid, optimize the output power of the energy storage system and wind turbines, and has better cooperative control performance.