With the development of China's green energy and low-carbon transformation, the proportion of new energy in the power system generation structure is increasing year by year, leading to changes in the dynamic frequency characteristics of the power grid. This paper researches on the grid frequency distribution characteristics of the general evolution law and, and sets out the thinking on the new energy power grid frequency variation trend of infiltration. It also looks at new energy and permeability of the simplified model of power system frequency modulation as well as stability analysis. It uses Simulink to build a power grid frequency simulation model. Through a laboratory high precision acquisition card PCI - 4474 and man-machine interactive interface based on the LabVIEW write collection power grid frequency, it concludes that the simulation and experimental results validate the theoretical analysis. Finally, the importance of a power system frequency probability graph to smart grid safe and stable operation and power metering device on-line evaluation is summarized. This work is supported by the Key Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (No. D20201203), the Research Fund for Excellent Dissertation of China Three Gorges University (No. 2021SSPY071), and the Technical Innovation Special Key Project of Hubei Science and Technology Program (No. 2016AAA040).