Traditional virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control strategies suppress power oscillations by adjusting inertia and damping coefficients. However, there is a trade-off between power oscillation suppression and system dynamic performance in conventional control strategies. To address this issue, a coordinated JDL adaptive control strategy based on virtual inertia J, virtual damping D, and virtual inductance L is proposed to suppress VSG power oscillations and enhance power response speed. First, the influence of J, D, and L on the damping characteristics of the VSG control system is analyzed. Then, instead of using the conventional frequency deviation and frequency deviation rate, three parameters, i.e., VSG output power deviation, output power change rate, and grid frequency deviation, are introduced. Based on these three parameters and power oscillation curve, JDL adaptive control rules are formulated. Finally, Simulink simulations are conducted to compare the proposed coordinated JDL adaptive control strategy with traditional parameter adaptive control and fuzzy adaptive control strategies. The results verify the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed control strategy in suppressing power oscillations and improving dynamic performance.