There are problems in power inspection of a transmission system e.g., large bandwidth requirement, massive terminal connection and inefficient transmission resource utilization. Thus a joint design scheme that combines clustering and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is proposed based on mobile edge computing (MEC). This is for a multi-carrier multi-user uplink access network. Considering the near-far effect between a 5G base station and customer premises equipment (CPE), the CPEs are divided into several clusters to transmit information, with an increased number of connected CPEs and spectral efficiency. In order to mitigate inter-cluster interference, signal alignment is used, and a maximum signal to inter-cluster interference and noise ratio (Max-SICINR) algorithm and a minimum inter-cluster interference leakage (Min-ICIL) algorithm are proposed. To mitigate the inter-user interference in the same cluster, a successive interference cancellation is used. With the proposed scheme, each CPE can achieve the maximum degree of freedom, which leads to improved system sum-rate performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has a higher system sum-rate performance than the conventional orthogonal multiple access scheme. The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61873246, No. 61901418, No. 62072416, No. 62006213, and No. 62102373).