The number of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing. In the event of a fault, the discharge current of EVs in V2G mode will interfere with the original fault current of the distribution network (DN). This will make the fault current of the DN complex and difficult to analyze. Therefore, the traditional methods of fault analysis are hardly applicable. A fault analysis method of the DN considering the access of large-scale EVs is proposed. First, the influence of EVs on the fault current of the DN is analyzed. Secondly, the vehicle transfer matrix based on Markov chain is used to simulate travel behaviors of EVs. Then, combined with the charging-discharging rules of EVs, the discharge behavior of EVs is described in the form of power output, and the discharge equivalent power supply model of EVs is established. Finally, taking a three-phase short-circuit fault as an example, the fault analysis of a DN with a large number of EVs is carried out based on the fault analysis method of an active DN, and the time-domain variation characteristics of fault current of each branch of DN are obtained. The discharge equivalent power supply model of EVs can reflect their discharge characteristics. The analysis results of fault current can directly describe the influence degree and characteristics of EV discharge behavior on the fault current of each branch of a DN. They can also provide a theoretical basis for the protection setting method of a DN with a large number of EVs. This work is supported by the Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province (No. 2020YFSY0037).