Traditional traveling wave or impedance methods are not appropriate for locating single-phase-to-earth faults since the fault features are not significant. Based on the distributed parameter model of the distribution line, the relationship between the distributed measurements in the steady state after a single-phase-to-earth fault occurs is considered, and the inherent relation between zero-sequence currents, line parameters and fault location is analyzed. Given the fault currents before and after a fault, a fault location formula is created, and a fault location matrix is constructed using multi-time and multi-point measurements. By transforming the solution to the fault location matrix into the least-squares solution to the corresponding non-linear equations, accurate fault location can be estimated by searching the fault point in the fault section with a chaotic particle swarm. A typical 10 kV distribution network is established by PSCAD/EMTDC and single-phase-to-earth faults are simulated. The calculation results show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. This work is supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China in 2017 (No. 2017YFC0804400).