With the continuous development of distribution network systems, the system structure is more and more complex, and the amount of operational data generated is extremely rich. Through effective and rapid analysis of big data, relevant data can be accurately and timely extracted, which has a positive impact on system operation efficiency. Based on big data processing technology, this paper proposes an analysis method for calculating the correlation of distribution network operation efficiency. First, the related technology of big data processing is introduced. The role of fuzzy clustering analysis in data extraction is analyzed in detail. Then, the related operation of the distribution network is discussed, and the relevant factors affecting the operation efficiency of the distribution network are analyzed. Subsequently, the main influencing factors are determined by principal component analysis. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by an example, and the related reference is provided for the system operation. This work is supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFB0902900) and Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid (No. ZBKJXM20180220).