In order to solve the traditional power frequency based distance protection’s adaptability problem that exists in dealing with cluster wind power outgoing line single-phase to ground faults via a high resistance, a principle of time domain distance protection based on parameter identification for cluster wind power outgoing line is proposed. By placing the zero-sequence fault component network behind fault point equivalent to a resistance inductance model, and combining the time domain zero-sequence fault component network with time domain full-parameter network, a time domain fault location equation based on parameter identification is built. It has four quantities to be identified such as transition resistance, fault distance, etc. The protection device will act according to the fault location calculated by solving the proposed equation with the least squares method. Simulation results show that, the proposed principle is suitable for cluster wind power long distance outgoing line, and can operate accurately under cluster wind power outgoing line single-phase to ground faults via a high resistance. This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51467019).