To solve the capacity shortage problem in power grid frequency regulation caused by large-scale integration of wind power, energy storage system (ESS), with its fast response feature, can be introduced as a supplementary means to frequency regulation to achieve better effects. The technical state of energy storage’s involvement in power grid fast frequency regulation is reviewed, including its necessity and feasibility, simulation models of regional grids and ESS, coordination control methods (ESS’s control strategy, capacity configuration and economic evaluation, and joint operation of ESS and conventional generators), and its shortcomings are analyzed. The scientific issues in this field are refined, and important issues to be focused in this area are set forth, i.e., application scenarios analysis, pricing mechanism design and optimal capacity allocation of ESS in frequency regulation.