The compact transmission line has big natural power and compressed transmission corridor, so it has significant social and economic benefits and is the development trend of transmission technology. As the EHV compact transmission lines on the same tower are quite different from those of conventional lines, their influence on variation distance protection is analyzed. This paper proposes a new scheme of variation distance protection for compact transmission lines. Bergeron model is used in the new scheme to accurately calculate the fault component of compensation voltage. The adaptive short window based on phaselet algorithm is used to detect failures and to reflect the fault feature. Based on that finding, a new algorithm using adaptive short window and floating threshold is proposed. The results of simulations and tests prove that this algorithm possesses excellent performance and is suitable for EHV compact transmission line protection.